The application of distributed optical fibers in power cables and other fields

Distributed optical fibers have good applications in many fields, such as comprehensive pipe galleries, State Grid power, petroleum and petrochemical, etc. Distributed optical fiber sensing systems are sensing systems that use optical fibers as sensitive components and signal transmission media. They can reveal changes in temperature, stress, and vibration information at any position within the range of optical fiber laying through the scattering effect of light.

1. Distributed fiber optic cable temperature measurement

The distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system can timely obtain cable temperature information and changes in any complex environment. The temperature measurement system can set one or more monitoring points and alarm temperature points. If there is any abnormal situation in the cable temperature in the environment, and there is abnormal change in the cable temperature, if the cable temperature reaches or exceeds the set temperature, the temperature curve of the cable will be displayed in the workstation system, and the temperature measurement system will send alarm information to the PLC at any time. After receiving instructions from various monitoring points, the PLC's internal program can control the environment of the cables based on the set temperature data. It can open the exhaust system, automatically close the fire doors, prevent the spread of fires, and ensure that the entire system is in a safe and controlled environment.

2. Distributed fiber optic pipeline monitoring

The entire fiber in the distributed Raman fiber optic temperature measurement system serves as both a data signal transmission medium and a temperature detection along the pipeline to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the pipeline. The alarm detection at each point can achieve any combination of three methods: constant temperature, differential temperature, and temperature uniformity, ensuring the reliability of the alarm. Therefore, a reasonable fiber optic installation method provides reliable guarantees for the normal operation of the entire fiber optic temperature measurement system. The installation method of optical fibers varies for different functions of conveying pipelines.

3. Distributed fiber optic perimeter security

The distributed fiber optic perimeter security fiber optic cable vibration sensing alarm system consists of five main parts: monitor, main controller, sensor, sensing fiber optic cable, and external components. Among them, the system monitor and main controller are located in the monitoring room, and the guiding optical cable, sensing optical cable, and external components are installed outdoors.

The working principle of vibrating fiber optic: When the fiber optic sensor is affected by external interference, some characteristics of the transmitted light in the fiber optic will change. By configuring special sensing equipment and collecting and analyzing signals, changes in the characteristics of the light (i.e. attenuation, phase, wavelength, polarization, mode field distribution, and propagation time) can be detected. The characteristic changes of light are distinguished from normal interference by the special algorithms and analysis processing of the alarm controller, achieving alarm and positioning functions.

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